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Whitburn Windmill
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South Tyneside
Council took ownership of the mill in 1960 from the Church
Commissioners.
The buildings is listed (Grade 2) as it is considered to
be of special architectural and historically importance
and is
protected therefore by the requirements of the Planning
(Listed Building and Conservation Areas) Act 1990.
In 1991/1992 South Tyneside Council undertook
a restoration project of the mill for which it was awarded
the Civic
Trust
Award. |

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Windmills were
used in the East in ancient times and in Europe were first
used in Germany and in the Netherlands around the 12th Century.
Mills with sails or vanes by action of the wind drive machinery
for grinding corn or pumping water. Mills were also used to
some extent to saw wood, making textiles and crushing ores. Windmills have a fantail
which enables the sails to be continuously pointed into
the wind. |
A tower windmill
was constructed in 1790 following the failure due to strong
gales
of the previous wooden post windmill. The windmill was
used to grind corn from local farms which would be used
to make
bread. The windmill fell into miss-use during the 1980's
when steam mills took over. During the second World War
the mill
was used by the nearby territorial army base for training
exercises. |
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The walls are constructed of solid
local stone and are approximately 1.20m think. The ground
floor has
an internal diameter of 5.20m and the height to the top
of the cap is approximately 12.0m.
The mill consists of a solid
stone conical tower and a timber cap with sails and a fantail.
Internally the mill has four
floors with Ground floor, 1st floor, 2nd floor and 3rd into
the cap. |

In 1991/1992 South Tyneside Council carried out major restoration
work. The mill was an empty shell when they began, the working
gear having been removed more than 100 years earlier. Only
one of the old timber beams and the original fireplace set
into the wall on the ground floor remained. The walls were
repaired, doors and windows opened up, floors rebuilt, staircases
and information panels installed. |
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